Surveillance cameras operate by capturing video footage of their surrounding environments through the use of a lens and image sensor. The lens focuses light onto the image sensor, which then converts the optical image into an electrical signal. This digital signal is processed by the camera's video processing unit, which encodes the information into a digital video file.
The processed video file is then either stored locally on the camera itself or transmitted over a network to a centralized recording system. In the case of network cameras, the video data is typically streamed over an IP network, allowing for remote viewing and monitoring.
Surveillance cameras can be either analog or digital, with digital cameras offering higher image quality and more advanced features such as motion detection and facial recognition. Additionally, many modern surveillance cameras are equipped with infrared sensors, enabling them to capture footage in low light or night-time conditions.
Overall, surveillance cameras play a crucial role in monitoring and securing various environments, from homes and businesses to public spaces and government facilities. Their ability to capture real-time video footage serves as a valuable tool for deterring crime, enhancing safety, and providing critical evidence in investigations.