In order to achieve proper exposure in a photograph using the exposure triangle, one must understand and manipulate the three components of exposure: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
Aperture: The aperture refers to the size of the opening in the lens that allows light to enter the camera. A wider aperture (smaller f-number) lets in more light, while a narrower aperture (larger f-number) lets in less light. To achieve proper exposure, adjust the aperture based on the desired depth of field and amount of light available.
Shutter speed: Shutter speed determines how long the camera's shutter remains open to allow light to reach the sensor. A faster shutter speed lets in less light, while a slower shutter speed lets in more light. To achieve proper exposure, adjust the shutter speed based on the movement of the subject and the amount of available light.
ISO: ISO measures the sensitivity of the camera sensor to light. A lower ISO is less sensitive to light, while a higher ISO is more sensitive. To achieve proper exposure, adjust the ISO based on the available light and desired image quality.
By understanding and manipulating these three components of the exposure triangle, one can achieve proper exposure in a photograph and capture a well-balanced image with the correct brightness and detail.