The term for a device used for capturing still images and moving pictures is called a camera. Cameras come in various types including digital cameras, DSLR cameras, mirrorless cameras, and film cameras. They are designed to record visual information by capturing light onto a photosensitive surface. Cameras have evolved significantly over the years, with advancements in technology improving image quality, autofocus capabilities, and video recording functions. Cameras play a crucial role in various industries such as photography, film production, surveillance, and scientific research.